Now for our members from other countries the task is a little more difficult
1. Do your police officers have powers of search? please tell me the country too
Canada. Yes, our police have the power of Search and Seizure, but I think that in the early 80's, these powers were limited, and there must be "reasonable grounds" to conduct a search.
Locations are allowed to have entry be conditional upon willingness to be searched, such as airports, prisons, court houses [I think]. You aren't required to allow someone to search you, but you can't get in unless you allow it.
2. If yes how much do you know about them?
I took a law class back in high school, so about 14 years ago. Essentially, a police officer can't grab you at random and give you a pat down, or search your wallet / purse. If you're pulled over for speeding in your car, the officer can shine a flashlight in to see if anything is exposed, and that's considered reasonable search. If they wanted to enter your vehicle, to lift cushions or look into an ash tray, they'd need probable cause, and likely a warrant.
If they smelled marijuana, for example, that would be reasonable grounds for a search, though I believe they would need to get some kind of authorization.
3. Are written records kept?
So far as I know, yes. Canadians, and likely North Americans in general, value our "Expectation of Privacy". To the point that we would rather, as a society, hinder search efforts by authorities to search rather than allow free reign. I believe that any search by an authority must be recorded.
4. How long and do you have a right to them?
I'm not sure about how long they'd be kept, or if we have a right to see them. Tax information must be kept for 7 years, so I imagine that most Government documents have a similar shelf life. The Freedom of Information act may or may not allow an individual access to these records, but an investigative body would certainly have access to them, should an accusation of wrong doing be leveled.
5. Are your police routinely armed?
There are different levels of policing in Canada. There are municipal, provincial, federal, and military branches, that I'm aware of. All police are
allowed to carry
restricted firearms, which covers any firearm not reasonably used for hunting. Pistols, automatic riffles, shotguns with a greater than 3 round magazine, that sort of thing.
In general, most officers carry a "small" pistol for day to day duties. Officers that are primarily involved with community activities may choose to not wear a pistol, such as those regularly involved with children. They may also carry "less lethal" weapons, such as tasers and pepper sprays.
I've been searched at Airports. I felt it was professional, but I personally hate that I'm treated like a suspected criminal, just so I can fly on business. I felt uncomfortable, but bear no ill will towards my searchers. They're just doing their job.